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Authors
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Ameli, A. ; Arjmand, M. ; Pötschke, P. ; Krause, B. ; Sundararaj, U.
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Title
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Effects of synthesis catalyst and temperature on broadband dielectric properties of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube/polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites
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Date
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01.09.2016
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Number
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49163
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Abstract
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This study reports on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (N-CNT)/polymer nanocomposites exhibiting relatively high and frequency independent real permittivity (e´) together with low dielectric loss (tan d). N-CNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, and their nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mixing with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In the synthesis of N-CNTs, three catalysts of Co, Fe and Ni, and three temperatures of 650, 750 and 950 °C were employed. The morphology, aspect ratio, synthesis yield, remaining residue, nitrogen content, nitrogen bonding type, and powder conductivity of N-CNTs, and the morphology, polar crystalline phase, and broadband dielectric properties of N-CNT/PVDF nanocomposites were investigated. The results revealed that by proper selection of synthesis catalyst (Fe) and temperature (650 °C and 950 °C), nitrogen doping generated polarizable nanotubes via providing local polarization sites, and resulted in nanocomposites with favorable dielectric properties for charge storage applications at N-CNT loadings as low as 1.0 wt%. As a result, 3.5 wt% (N-CNT)Fe/950°C/PVDF nanocomposites exhibited an insulative behavior with e´ = 23.12 and tan d = 0.05 at 1 kHz, a combination superior to that of PVDF, i.e., e´ = 8.4 and tan d = 0.03 and to those of percolative nanocomposites, e.g., e´ = 71.20 and tan d = 63.20 for 3.5 wt% (N-CNT)Fe/750°C/PVDF. Also, the relationships between the dielectric properties, N-CNT structure, and nanocomposite morphology were identified.
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Publisher
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Carbon
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Wikidata
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Citation
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Carbon 106 (2016) 260-278
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DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2016.05.034
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Tags
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