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Authors Goncalves-Schmidt, D. P. ; Rodriguez, R. d. ; Kurth, T. ; Bray, L. ; Binner, M. ; Jungnickel, C. ; Gür, F. ; Poser, S. W. ; Schmidt, T.-L. ; Zahn, D. R. T. ; Androutsellis-Theotokisg, A. ; Schlierf, M. ; Werner, C.
Title Enhanced targeting of invasive glioblastoma cells by peptide-functionalized gold nanorods in hydrogel-based 3D cultures
Date 01.08.2017
Number 53219
Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and metastasis in several cancer types, making their eradication a primary objective in cancer therapy. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) tumors are usually composed of a highly infiltrating CSC subpopulation, which has Nestin as a putative marker. Since the majority of these infiltrating cells are able to elude conventional therapies, we have developed gold nanorods (AuNRs) functionalized with an engineered peptide capable of specific recognition and selective eradication of Nestin positive infiltrating GBM-CSCs. These AuNRs generate heat when irradiated by a near-infrared laser, and cause localized cell damage. Nanoparticle internalization assays performed with GBM-CSCs or Nestin negative cells cultured as two-dimensional (2D) monolayers or embedded in three-dimensional (3D) biodegradable-hydrogels of tunable mechanical properties, revealed that the AuNRs were mainly internalized by GBM-CSCs, and not by Nestin negative cells. The AuNRs were taken up via energy-dependent and caveolae-mediated endocytic mechanisms, and were localized inside endosomes. Photothermal treatments resulted in the selective elimination of GBM-CSCs through cell apoptosis, while Nestin negative cells remained viable. Results also indicated that GBM-CSCs embedded in hydrogels were more resistant to AuNR photothermal treatments than when cultured as 2D monolayers. In summary, the combination of our engineered AuNRs with our tunable hydrogel system has shown the potential to provide an in vitro platform for the evaluation and screening of AuNR-based cancer therapeutics, leading to a substantial advancement in the application of AuNRs for targeted GBM-CSC therapy.
Publisher Acta Biomaterialia
Wikidata
Citation Acta Biomaterialia 58 (2017) 12-25
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.05.054
Tags glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells gold nanorods 3d culture photothermolysis

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